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Sleep Apnea Surgery

Sleep apnea is a condition that causes breathing to periodically stop during sleep. Patients with this condition may need sleep apnea surgery to alleviate symptoms.
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The Three Types of Sleep Apnea

In obstructive sleep apnea, the throat muscles relax. In central sleep apnea, the brain fails to send the proper signals to the muscles responsible for breathing. Complex sleep apnea syndrome is a combination of the other two types of sleep apnea.
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Symptoms of Sleep Apnea

Patients may have sleep apnea if they are experiencing the following symptoms:

      • Loud snoring
      • Dry mouth
      • Morning headache
      • Gasping for air during sleep
      • Irritability
      • Insomnia
      • Excessive daytime sleepiness
      • Difficulty concentrating
      • Episodes of stopped breathing during sleep noticed by another person
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A-diagram-illustrating-Obstructive-Sleep-Apnea-(OSA)-before-sleep-apnea-surgery

The Risks and Risk Factors of Sleep Apnea

Sleep apnea may increase an individual’s risk of developing high blood pressure, metabolic conditions and other health issues.

    • Individuals may be at greater risk of developing sleep apnea if they:
    •  
      • Are obese
      • Have a thick neck
      • Have a narrowed airway
      • Are male
      • Are older
      • Have a family history of sleep apnea
      • Smoke
      • Use alcohol, sedatives or tranquilizers
      • Have nasal congestion
      • Have other medical conditions, such as high blood pressure, congestive heart failure, type 2 diabetes, Parkinson’s disease, hormonal disorders, chronic lung disease, and polycystic ovary syndrome
      • Have had a stroke
      • Use narcotic pain medications
      • Have heart disorders

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Depending on the severity of the patient’s condition, the physician may recommend one of the following procedures: radiofrequency volumetric tissue reduction, uvulopalatopharyngoplasty, maxillomandibular advancement, anterior inferior mandibular osteotomy, genioglossus advancement, midline glossectomy and base of tongue reduction, lingual tonsillectomy, septoplasty and turbinate reduction, hypoglossal nerve stimulator, or hyoid suspension.

During this procedure, radiofrequency waves are used to shrink or remove tissues in the back of the throat.

This procedure involves removing extra tissue from the top of the throat and the back of the mouth.

During surgery, the jaw is moved forward to create more space behind the tongue and open up the airway.

This procedure may be performed in conjunction with another type of surgery. During surgery, the chin bone is divided into two parts to allow the tongue to move forward. This helps open up the airway while also stabilizing the mouth and jaw.

This procedure involves slightly tightening the tendons in the front of the tongue to help prevent the tongue from rolling back and blocking the airway.

During this type of sleep apnea surgery, a portion of the back of the tongue is removed to help make the airway larger.

During this procedure, the tonsils and tonsillar tissue are removed to help open up the lower part of the throat and improve breathing.

A septoplasty is a procedure that involves straightening the nasal septum, while a turbinate reduction procedure reduces the size of the bones in the nasal passage.

This type of sleep apnea surgery involves attaching an electrode to the hypoglassal nerve, which is the main nerve that controls the tongue. The electrode will stimulate the tongue muscles during sleep to prevent them from blocking the airway.

During this procedure, the hyoid bone and its nearby muscles in the neck are moved closer to the front of the neck to help open up the airway.

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